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I am a big fan of bile. It is my second favorite solution after urine. Bile makes up two of the four bodily humors (blood, green bile, black bile, phlegm) which, according to Dr. Hippocrates, balance to determine our moods and behavior. I find that recently I am melancholic (full of black bile). I am not sure if this is due to old age or the political situation.

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Hmm, my wife seems to have no ill effects from having her gallbladder removed, but perhaps she is? Occasional bouts of ulcerative colitis, proctitus.

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Even after the gallbladder is removed the liver still makes bile, and there is still some delivered to the intestines with each meal. In fact, after the gallbladder is removed the bile ducts grow in size to almost act more like a bile reservoir, a job the gallbladder previously accomplished. This is an example of the body adapting to an organ's removal.

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Thank you. Pretty amazing adaption.

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